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이미경, 구니키다 돗포의 작품과 내셔널리즘, 2024.02

  • 작성자: admin(단국대)
  • 작성일: 2024.05.10
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논문제목 : 구니키다 돗포의 작품과 내셔널리즘
            

저자 : 이미경(단국대학교 일본연구소 HK연구교수)            
      




<요약>
本稿は日本で日清戦争、日露戦争という一大事件を契機にナショナリズムがさらに高揚し、戦争意識が高まるが、その戦争体験が国木田独歩という一人の作家にとってどのような
影響を及ぼしたのかという観点で取り上げられた。考察の結論を要約すると次のようになる。第一に、ナショナリズムの日清戦争と日露戦争で明確な違いは、日清戦争でほとんどの知識人が主戦論者だったとすれば、日清戦争の悲惨さを経験した後は反戦論者が出始めたという点だった。第二に、「愛弟通信」で旅順虐殺事件は検閲の限界もあっただろうが、虐殺に加担した日本軍をむしろ「勇敢な日本人」と表現した反語的描写と「戦」という文字を深く嫌悪する文章から、独歩的な戦争観を垣間見ることができた。第三に、独歩は戦後発表した「酔中日記」や「空知川の岸邊」でも戦後の歪んだ社会情勢や北海道で他者が存在しない風景の描写から、戦争に対する悲痛な心情を吐露していたことが分かった。ナショナリズムの高揚とともに走った戦争という非正常体験は、勝利にもかかわらず戦後の文壇を悲惨小説、深刻小説という暗い傾向の小説に飲み込んだ事実だけでも、戦争がどれほど残酷で悲惨な結果を生むかが分かる。そのような戦争が作家の人生だけでなく、一国の歴史の方向、文学の方向も変え, 作家の戦争観も変化させた体験であることが分かった。

In this paper, nationalism, a kind of knowledge of Japan, has existed since Meiji Restoration, but it has been further elevated by major events such as the Sino-Japanese War and the Russia-Japan War, raising the awareness of war and dealing with how the war experience affected a writer. The conclusion of the consideration is summarized as follows. First, the distinct difference in nationalism between the Sino-Japanese War and the Russian-Japanese War was that most intellectuals in the Sino-Japanese War were war advocates, but after the misery of the Sino-Japanese War, anti-war proponents began to emerge. Second, the Lushun massacre in "Aeje News might have had a limit of censorship, but the ironic description of the Japanese troops who participated in the massacre as "brave Japanese" and the writing that deeply hates the word "war" gave us a glimpse of the Dotppo-like view of war. Third, it can be seen that Dotppo was also expressing his grief about the war through the description of the distorted social state after the war and the landscape in Hokkaido where no other exists in the post-war period. The fact that the abnormal experience of war, which ran with the rise of nationalism, swept the postwar literary circles with a dark trend of wretched novels and serious novels despite the victory, shows how brutal and miserable the war was. It can be seen that such a war experience is an abnormal experience that changes not only the artist's life, but also the direction of history and literature of a country.

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